挡土墙基础要挖多深？

第一皮至少埋入墙高的十分之一且不少于 15 厘米，下面再做 15 厘米压实基层。这一埋入皮正是防止墙体前滑的关键。

墙后需要做排水吗？

必须。墙后填 30 厘米干净棱角碎石，底部设打孔排水管。推倒挡土墙的多半是水压，而不是土的重量。

不请工程师最高能砌多高？

通常 0.9–1.2 米，但以当地规范为准。超过后一般需要设计计算、许可，且常需在回填土中锚固土工格栅。

挡土墙的后仰是什么？

每皮向后退约 2.5 厘米，使墙体向土坡方向倾斜。多数砌块靠凸缘或插销自动形成后仰，切勿砌成垂直。

砌挡土墙需要许可吗？

通常超过 0.9 或 1.2 米就需要，若墙体还承受车道或建筑等附加荷载，几乎在任何高度都需要。开工前先咨询当地部门。

挡土墙计算器

计算分段式挡土墙的砌块数、皮数与压顶块，以及墙后与墙下所需的排水碎石和基层材料。

公式与数据最后核对于 2026年8月6日 — Cosyslabs

输入

墙体长度(ft)

墙体外露高度(ft)

砌块长度(in)

砌块高度(in)

每块单价（选填）($)

Result

Wall blocks

120

Courses

Blocks per course: 20
Cap blocks: 20
Drainage stone: 2.22 yd³
Base material: 0.56 yd³

Diagram

Estimates only. Verify with a licensed contractor or supplier before purchasing. Rough Estimator! is not responsible for shortages, overages, or material variances. See our methodology for formulas and sources.

公式

皮数 = 墙高 ÷ 块高   ·   每皮块数 = 墙长 ÷ 块长

参考资料

Measure what the tool asks for
This calculator works from 墙体长度 in ft, 墙体外露高度 in ft and 砌块长度 in in. Measure the finished area you are covering, not the material — an estimate is only as good as the dimensions you feed it.
What it does with those numbers
皮数 = 墙高 ÷ 块高 · 每皮块数 = 墙长 ÷ 块长 Every figure on the page comes out of that one expression, so you can check it by hand.
Where the numbers come from
The constants are taken from NCMA — Design Manual for Segmental Retaining Walls and IRC R404 — Foundation and retaining walls, linked in full below. If a figure here disagrees with your supplier's spec sheet, use the spec sheet — it describes the product you are buying.
What this will not tell you
This is a material takeoff, not a bid. It does not price labour, permits, delivery, equipment hire or site preparation, and it assumes a straightforward layout. Complex cuts, difficult access and awkward shapes all cost more than the geometry suggests.

Related tools & materials

Calculators

Don't forget

基层碎石
排水碎石
打孔排水管
土工布
景观胶
土工格栅

Also useful

Astrilio Property Calculators

常见问题

用墙高除以块高得皮数，墙长除以块长得每皮块数，再相乘。6 米长、0.9 米高、12 × 6 英寸砌块的墙约需 120 块。

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Cite this page

Cosyslabs. (2026). 挡土墙计算器. Rough Estimator!. https://roughestimator.com/zh/retaining-wall-calculator

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